In this work, Olivier Roy, a highly respected and well-known Islamic scholar, explores the concept of the deterritorialisation of Islam and its impact on Muslims' relationships with religion, politics, culture, and tradition. He convincingly demonstrates that the decline of Islamism as an ideological movement, which was discussed in his previous publication, has led, on the one hand, to a "normalization" of political parties associated with Islam, and on the other, to the emergence of neo-fundamentalist movements. These movements have gained traction among a small minority of Muslim youth who are disaffected and disenfranchised. Although a minority of Muslims adhere to neo-fundamentalist beliefs, this phenomenon contributes to the rise of new forms of radicalization, according to the author.
Although the French edition of the book was published in 2002 and the English edition in 2004, its significance has not diminished but rather increased. The work of the author, who understands the current trends in globalization and the dynamics of Muslim countries, communities, and groups, is relevant not only for Islamic and oriental studies scholars but also for anyone interested in understanding the transformation of contemporary society and the role of ideology and religion in political affairs.